Acid and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities of different strains of soil fungi in the presence of organic compounds of phosphorus (phytic acid and sodium glycerophosphate)
T.
Javaheri
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشدگروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
A.
Lakzian
استاد علوم خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
R.
Khorasani
استادیار علوم خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
P.
Taheri
استادیار گیاهپزشکی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشه
author
text
article
2014
per
Soil fungi play an important role in nutrient cycling. They have a significant effect on mineralization of organic matter in soils. Some fungi could decompose organic compound with producing different enzymes. Since soil phosphorus in organic soils exists mostly in organic forms, fungi have a vital role in mineralization of those compounds. In order to study the effect of phytic acid and sodium glycerophosphate on acid and alkaline phosphatase activities of some fungi isolates, an experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement with three replications. The first factor included seven fungi isolates (four Aspergillus isolates(A19,A15,A10,A7) and three fungi isolates (Penicillium, Rhizoctonia Solani Trichoderma harzianum) and control (no fungus)) and the second factor included two different organic phosphorus compounds (Phytic acid and Sodium Glycerophosphate). All isolates were grown in PDB at 28 oC and acid and alkaline extracellular phosphatase activities were determined after 7 and 14 days inoculation. The results showed that acid and alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly different among all soil isolates on a 5% significance level. The highest level of acid and alkaline extracellular phosphatase was observed in Trichoderma harzianum (Th) treatment. In this experiment, A15 was the superior among Aspergillus Isolates. Different studies showed that acid phosphatase activity was higher than alkaline extracellular phosphatase among all studied isolates and type of organic phosphorus compound had a significant effect on the phosphatase enzyme activity among all studied isolates. Acid and alkaline Phosphatase activity in sodium glycerophosphate treatment was higher than phytic acid.
Journal of Sol Biology
موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
2345-2536
2
v.
1
no.
2014
1
11
https://sbj.areeo.ac.ir/article_100086_17befae69da2dcbbdb51e5f4a651c694.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2014.100086
Change in CO2 Emissions and Physicochemical Properties of Composted Cow manure, Sugarcane Bagasse and Sawdust in the presence and absence of Earthworm (Eisenia foetida)
A.
Mahboub Khomami
دانشجوی دکتری آکادمی علوم آذربایجان، موسسه خاکشناسی و شیمی خاک، باکو و محقق ایستگاه تحقیقات گل و گیاهان زینتی لاهیجان، گیلان
author
G.
Moharram Mammdov
دانشیار آکادمی علوم آذربایجان، موسسه خاکشناسی و شیمی خاک، باکو، آذربایجان
author
A.
Fallah
دانشیار بخش بیولوژی خاک موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، کرج
author
text
article
2014
per
Nowadays, safe and secure disposal of agricultural and industrial solid waste such as sawdust and sugarcane bagasse is really important. Improper disposal such as burning or dumping may cause direct and indirect emissions of greenhouse gases.Therefore, substitution of burning or dumping process with biological methods is more advisable. This study was implemented to investigate CO2 emissions and physic-chemical changes of composts derived from cow manure, sugarcane bagasse and sawdust in the presence and absence of Eisenia foetida. A completely randomized design with factorial arrangement and threereplications was employed in this experiment. Experimental factors include six different substrates (cow manure, cow manure + sugar cane bagasse, cow manure + sawdust in the presence and absence of Eisenia foetida) and five levels of times (0, 15, 30, 45, 75 and 90 days). The results showed thehighestCO2 emissions observed fifteen days after incubation (23.8µg CO2g-1h-1). Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in vermicomposts derived from different substrates (cow manure, cow manure + sugar cane bagasse, cow manure + sawdust) were (1.81, 1.47 and 1.53%), (0.50, 0.39 and 0.60%), (1.13, 1.15 and 0.83%) respectively. It seems it is possible to dispose sawdust and sugarcane bagasse during vermicompsting process.
Journal of Sol Biology
موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
2345-2536
2
v.
1
no.
2014
13
20
https://sbj.areeo.ac.ir/article_100087_5c312dd1ae53b5974acdb608422e44b9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2014.100087
Study of Root Inoculation with Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) and Spraying with Their Metabolites
on Chlorophyll Content, Nutrients Uptake and Yield in Rice (Hashemi cultivar)
J.
Asghari
عضو هیأت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان
author
S. M. R.
Ehteshami
عضو هیأت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان
author
Z.
Rajabi Darvishan
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه گیلان
author
K.
Khavazi
عضو هیأت علمی موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کرج
author
text
article
2014
per
In order to study the spraying of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) and their metabolites on chlorophyll content, nutrients uptake and yield in Hashemi cultivar of rice[u1] , an experiment was arranged based on completely randomized block design with four replications in greenhouse of at the University of Guilan during 2010. In this research, the examined treatments consisted: without spraying and fertilizer (control), without spraying and use of fertilizer, sprayingwith P.fluorescens strain 168, sprayingwithmetabolites of P.fluorescens strain 168, root inoculation with P.fluorescens strain 168, sprayingwith P.fluorescens strain 136, sprayingwithmetabolites of P.fluorescens strain 136, root inoculation with P.fluorescens strain 136, sprayingwith P.fluorescens strain 41, sprayingwithmetabolites of P.fluorescens strain 41, root inoculation with P.fluorescens strain 41. The results of experiment showed the effect of bacteria different levels was significant on leaf greenness content, calcium, magnesium, iron, yield and harvest index, but wasn’t significant on chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid contents.[u2] Root inoculation with P.fluorescens strain 41 was superior to the other treatments regarding all of the studied indices. However, the spraying with P.fluorescens strain 41 had lower effect than the root inoculation with P.fluorescens strain 41 and P.fluorescens strain 136, but its results was better as compared to the fertilizer and non-sprayed treatments. Spraying effect of metabolites from various bacteria was different that may explain the various bacterial regulator effect on plant growth and development. Results showed that root inoculation with growth promoting bacteria was successful as compared to their spraying in terms of quantitative and qualitative indices of rice. Spraying, however, can be used as complementary to root inoculation with PGPR for crop yield improvement.
[u1]نام علمی به صورت ایتالیک آورده شود.
[u2]در چکیده فارسی آورده نشده است. یا حذف شود یا معادل آن در چکیده فارسی آورده شود.
Journal of Sol Biology
موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
2345-2536
2
v.
1
no.
2014
21
31
https://sbj.areeo.ac.ir/article_100088_14aaf59badd2e1ebd0d78de4f7b8bfc1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2014.100088
Studying the Possibility of In Vitro Cultivation of Three Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Species
F.
Rejali
دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور
author
A.
Esmaeilizad
کارشناس ارشد موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور
author
A.
Mohamadi Torkashvand
استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت
author
text
article
2014
per
The most important limiting factor for mass production of mycorrhizal fungi inoculums and subsequently their use in arable soil is obligate nature of this symbiosis. To overcome this problem, several methods such as hydroponic ,aeroponic, and root organ culture have been proposed for spore production of these fungi. Each of these methods has several capabilities and limiting factors. The goal of this research were in vitro production of three species of mycorrhizal spores. In the first stage, attempt was made to produce induced roots by inoculating three strains of Agrobacterumrhizogenesto and using sterile carrot disks. Results showed that, from the inoculated tissues, induced roots developed on carrot. Due to genetic stability, induced roots from carrot disks were used for next stages of this project. Spores of three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi including Glomus intraradices, Glomus etunicatum and Glomus mosseae were prepared by trap culture of Sudan grass, isolated from soil and disinfected by proper antibiotic compounds. These spores were placed near the head of induced carrot roots on M medium in sterile condition. After establishment of symbiotic relationship between these two organisms for spore production, the colonized roots were transferred to 250 ml glass bottle with 100 ml of M medium. After 8 weeks, roots and fungi were isolated from medium. Results of this project showed that In Vitro culture was an effective method for spore production of Glomus intraradices and Glomus etunicatum. But, Glomus mosseae did not produce any spore by this method and we suggest that other methods, such as aeroponic and hydroponic, be used for spore production of this fungus
Journal of Sol Biology
موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
2345-2536
2
v.
1
no.
2014
33
41
https://sbj.areeo.ac.ir/article_100089_cd93ae5c9e3890a2a32709f27f400625.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2014.100089
Isolation, Identification and Evaluation of Azospirillum Inoculation on Tomato Growth under Green-House Conditions
M.
Esbati
کارشناس ارشد بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد علوم وتحقیقات
author
A.
Akhavansepahy
دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال
author
A.
Asgharzadeh
استادیار موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور
author
M.
Khosrowchahli
استاد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات
author
text
article
2014
per
Azospirillum is a well-studied genus of plant growth-promoting bacteria. Phytohormone production by PGPR is considered as one of the effective factor to increase the tomato yield significantly. In order to study the effect of Azospirillum inoculant on on Growth Characteristics and Yields of Tomato, three strain of Azospirillum were isolated, identified, and purified from Tehran suburb soils. Tomato seeds were inoculated by those isolated strains of Azospirillum and tomato seedlings were grown under the greenhouse condition. At the end of grown periodof tomato plant, stem length, root length, leaf and branch fresh weight, root fresh weight, root bulk, leaf and branch dry weight and root dry weight were measured. The results showed that tomato seed inoculation had significant effect on all measured characteristics except the length of root. Inoculation of tomato seed with Azospirillum increased the bulk and dry weight of root and consequently it attributed to increased uptake of plant nutrient. It seems that Azospirillum inoculants have a beneficial effect on tomato growth.
Journal of Sol Biology
موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
2345-2536
2
v.
1
no.
2014
43
54
https://sbj.areeo.ac.ir/article_100090_36488457eabc1626b9c8a309b0979051.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2014.100090
Effects of Biofertilizers on Morphological Traits of Tarragon
S. F.
Hatami
دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد باغبانی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
B.
Esmaielpour
دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
J.
Hadian
استادیار پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
K.
Khavazi
دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
author
A. A.
Soltani, Toolarood
استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
P.
Abbaszadeh-dahaji
استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان
author
text
article
2014
per
In order to investigate the effects of plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) inoculation on the morphological traits of Tarragon a factorial pot experiment, based on completely randomized design with four replications, were conducted in research field of Horticulture Department of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2010 - 2011. Treatments consisted of inoculation with three species of rhizobacteria namely Azotobacter, Azosperillium, Pseudomonas suspension in single and combination applications of these bacteria which included Azotobacter- Azosperillium, Azotobacter – Pseudomonas, Azosperillium-Pseudomonas, Azotobacter- Azosperillium-Pseudomonas and control (without inoculation), which were applied as rhizome inoculation and foliar spraying. Results revealed that inoculation of tarragon plants with plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria had significant effect on growth parameters. The highest value for traits such as the number of stem branches and rhizome and leaf number were obtained by foliar application of Azosperillium – Pseudomonas combination and combined form of three mentioned Rhizobacteria. Rhizome inoculation of Azotobacter - Azosperillium combination caused increases in plant height and rhizome dry weight in comparison with control. In general, results of this investigation indicated that inoculation with plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria caused increases in growth indices of tarragon plants by enhancing root growth and development by providing favorable conditions for plant growth with respect to supplying better condition for water and nutritional elements absorption from soils.
Journal of Sol Biology
موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
2345-2536
2
v.
1
no.
2014
55
63
https://sbj.areeo.ac.ir/article_100091_c593ce472f08223d9ea4981dab395c69.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2014.100091
Effect of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties on Common Bean Root Colonization, Spore Number and Infection Potential of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae
A. A.
Soltani Toularoud
استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
P.
Abbaszadeh Dahaji
استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان
author
F.
Rejali
دانشیار پژوهش موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
author
A. R.
Akhgar
استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان
author
text
article
2014
per
In order to investigate the physical and chemical properties of some Iranian soils under common bean cultivation, forty-one soil samples were collected from Azna, Zanjan, Aligoudarz and Khomein regions. Root colonization percentage, spore number and infection potentional of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils were evaluated after sorghum cultivation. The results showed that the soils had a wide range of physical and chemical properties. Soils 3 and 13 (sampled from Khomein and Azena) had the highest number of spores (55) and infection potential (138 Infectant) per 20 g of soil respectively. The highest percentage of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was observed in the soil No. 38 (prepared from Zanjan) with 38% root colonization. This study revealed that the soil EC, calcium carbonate, organic matter and DTPA-extractable zinc content had positive and significant correlation with the number of spores, infection potential and root colonization percentage. Whereas, there was negative and significant correlation between the amount of phosphorus and three parameters mentioned above.
Journal of Sol Biology
موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
2345-2536
2
v.
1
no.
2014
65
78
https://sbj.areeo.ac.ir/article_100092_5c6d9dfbeceeb845ece6f370d581181a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2014.100092
Effect of PGPR Inoculation on Seed Germination and Some Vigor Traits of Asclepias Procera
M.
Bahmani
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
Gh. A.
Jalali
دانشیار دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
A.
Asgharzadeh
استادیار موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور
author
M.
Tabari
دانشیار دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
text
article
2014
per
This experiment was conducted aiming to improve the germination and vigour traits of Asclepias procera by inoculation with PGPR. The study had 8 levels of inoculation including control, Pseudomonas, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Azospirillum + Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas + Azotobacter, Azospirillum + Azotobacter, Azospirillum + Azotobacter and Pseudomonas in a completely randomized design with four replications. Results showed that inoculation of Calotrope seeds were significantly affected germination traits. The highest germination percentage (72 %) and germination rate (1.8 per day) was observed by inoculation with Pseudomonas putida strain 169 that respectively was 1.8 and 1.63 fold more than control treatment. The greatest root length ( 19.84 mm) and shortest mean germination time ( 7.97 days ) was belonging to the Pseudomonas + Azotobacter inoculation, that respectively was 1.6 and 7 fold more and less than control. Greatest seed vigor index (17.8) was shown by Azotobacter +Azosprillum that were 1.82 fold more than control. This research revealed that the inoculation of rhizobacterial microorganisms is a new approach that can be effective to improve seed germination in Calotrope shrubs.
Journal of Sol Biology
موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب
2345-2536
2
v.
1
no.
2014
79
86
https://sbj.areeo.ac.ir/article_101506_cdc89f880b034b7c2a94934b50d4cacb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2014.101506