اثر برخی ریز جانداران در کاهش آلودگی یک خاک آهکی آلوده به نفت خام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری بخش علوم خاک دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشیار بخش علوم خاک دانشگاه شیراز

3 استاد بخش علوم خاک دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

آزمایشی گلخانه­ای به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به منظور بررسی اثر تیمارهای زیستی (باکتری سودوموناس فلورسنس، باکتری میکروکوکوس یوننانسیس، قارچ کلارودیوگلوموس اتونیکاتوم و قارچ فونلیفورمیس موسه) بر پاسخ­های گیاه وتیور در آلودگی نفت خام (0، 2 و 4 درصد وزنی) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد افزایش سطح آلودگی نفتی وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه و همچنین درصد کلنیزاسیون ریشه را کاهش داد اما تنفس میکروبی و غلظت کل هیدروکربن­ها در خاک پس از برداشت را افزایش داد. تلقیح باکتری میکروکوکوس یوننانسیس و قارچ فونلیفورمیس موسه وزن خشک اندام هوایی را افزایش داد، همه تیمارهای بیولوژیکی بجز باکتری سودوموناس فلورسنس افزایش وزن خشک ریشه را موجب گردیدند. مایه زنی قارچ کلارودیوگلوموس اتونیکاتوم باعث افزایش معنی­دار غلظت و جذب آهن، و قارچ فونلیفورمیس موسه باعث افزایش معنی­دار میانگین غلظت روی و جذب روی و آهن شد. همچنین مایه زنی قارچ باعث افزایش درصد کلنیزاسیون ریشه شدند. از بین ریزجانداران مطالعه شده باکتری میکروکوکوس یوننانسیس و قارچ فونلیفورمیس موسه تنفس میکروبی را افزایش دادند که به نوبه خود مقدارکل هیدروکربن­های باقی مانده در خاک پس از برداشت را کاهش داد. نتایج ما نشان داد که از بین ریزجانداران باکتری میکروکوکوس یوننانسیس و قارچ فونلیفورمیس موسه اثرات مطلوب­تری در زیست پالایی و مقاومت گیاه به آلودگی نفتی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Applications of Microorganisms in Bioremediation of a Crude Oil Contaminated Calcareous Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Keshavarz 1
  • R. Ghasemi-Fasaei 2
  • A. M. Ronaghi 3
  • M. Zarei 2
1 PhD Student, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran
چکیده [English]

A greenhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement to investigate the influence of biological treatments (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Micrococcus yunnanensis, Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Funneliformis mosseae) on Vetiver grass grown on a crude oil contaminated calcareous soil (0, 2 and 4% crude oil). Results showed that the shoot and root dry weight and root colonization decreased in crude oil treatments. While the microbial respiration and total hydrocarbon concentration in post-harvest soil increased significantly. Soil inoculation with Micrococcus yunnanensis and Funneliformis mosseae had a positive effect on shoot dry weight but not for Pseudomonas fluorescens treatment. Iron concentration and iron and zinc concentrationsenhanced significantly in Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Funneliformis mosseae treatments respectively. Root colonization also increased when mycorrhiza inoculation applied to soil samples. Micrococcus yunnanensis and Funneliformis mosseae increased microbial soil respiration and total hydrocarbon content reduced in post-harvest soil. Our result showed that among tested microorganisms, Micrococcus yunnanensis and Funneliformis mosseae had more positive effects on bioremediation and plant growth in crude oil contaminated calcareous soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arbuscular mycorrhiza
  • Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria
  • Oil pollution
  • Vetiver
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