شناسایی قارچ‌های بومی خاک‌های آلوده حوزه نفتی مارون اهواز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز

2 دانشیار بیماری‏شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز؛ مرکز تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی و علوم زیستی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 دانشیار بیماری‏شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز

چکیده

در طی این پژوهش، 16 نمونه خاک آلوده به مواد نفتی از چهار میدان در حوزه نفتی مارون اهواز جمع‌آوری شد. با کشت نمونه‌های خاک، 33 جدایه قارچی جداسازی و با استفاده از روش تک‏اسپور و نوک‏هیف خالص‌سازی شدند. بر اساس خصوصیات میکروسکوپی جدایه­ها و مشاهده انواع ساختارهای رویشی و تولیدمثلی، 23 جدایه قارچی جهت شناسائی مبتنی بر ریخت‏شناسی و مولکولی انتخاب شدند. از جدایه‌های خالص شده در محیط کشت مایع سیب زمینی- دکستروز- بروث زیست‏توده (توده میسیلیومی) قارچی تهیه شد. پس از استخراج DNA از میسیلیوم­های خشک - انجمادی شده، نواحی ژنی ITS و Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH، فقط برای Curvularia) با استفاده از آغازگرهای مناسب تکثیر شدند. قطعات تکثیری با استفاده از دو روش رسوب با اتانول و استخراج از ژل خالص‌سازی و سپس توسط شرکت ماکروژن توالی­یابی گردیدند. توالی‏های بدست آمده ویراستاری و مونتاژ شدند و با انجام عملیات جستجوی بلاست و تجزیه و تحلیل فیلوژنتیکی با استفاده از الگوریتم درست‏نمائی بیشینه، جدایه‏ها شناسایی شدند. بر اساس بررسی‏های مولکولی و ریخت‏شناسی، جدایه‏های این تحقیق گونه‏هایAcremonium sclerotigenum، Alternaria destruens، Aspergillus sp.، Cladosporium puyae، Curvularia sp.، Fusarium sp.، Mucor circinelloides، Penicillium oxalicum، P. chrysogenum، Paramyrothecium terrestris، Rhizopus oryzaeوجدایه‌هایی از دو جنس Allophomaو Neodidymelliopsisاز خانوادهDidymellacaeرا شامل شدند. دو گونه‏ی Cladosporium puyae و Paramyrothecium terrestris  برای میکوبیوتای ایران جدید می‏باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Physiological responses of common myrtle seedling (Myrtus communis L.) to multimicrobial inoculation under water deficit stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Dehdari 1
  • M. Mehrabi-Koushki 2
  • Jamshid Hayati 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University
2 Associate Professor of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz; Biotechnology and Bioscience Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
3 Associate Professor of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz
چکیده [English]

Common myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) spread in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran which it has many uses in different ways.  In order to investigation of microbial inoculation influence on the physiological changes of M. communis seedlings under water deficit conditions a greenhouse experiment as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted.  Water deficit consisted of 30% field capacity (FC) (severe stress), 60% FC (mild stress) and 100% FC (without stress), and microbial inoculations were including of Funneliformis  mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices, combination of these two fungal, Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. putida, combination of these two bacteria, and also control (without inoculation). According to the results, in each water regime the highest root colonization was observed in the combination of two fungal. This treatment promoted root colonization by 17.8, 11.3 and 7.75 times in 30% and 60% and 100% of FC treatments respectively compared to the control. Microbial inoculation improved plant yield efficiency in water deficit conditions. In severe water deficit treatment, combined treatments of fungal or bacterial increased photosynthesis (47-48%), stomatal conductance (39-41%), transpiration (62-65%), mesophyll conductance (57-64%), water potential (20-21%), and relative water content (1.4 times), and decreased intracellular CO2 concentration (28-31%) and electrolyte leakage (1.4 times) compared to the control. It can be suggested that microbial inoculation can encourage drought resistance of M. communis seedlings to water deficit. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Electrolyte leakage
  • Mycorrhizal fungus
  • Myrtus communis L. seedling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Rhizobacteria

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زیست شناسی خاک
دوره 7، شماره 2
آذر 1398
صفحه 149-165

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