مطالعه تنوع ژنتیکی، توانایی گره‌زایی و کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن باکتری‌های ریزوبیوم جداسازی شده از گره‌های یونجه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری دانشگاه تهران و استادیار دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 دانشیار دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران

4 دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور

5 استادیار دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

تثبیت نیتروژن مولکولی توسط باکتری­های ریزوبیومی، منبع اصلی برای ورود پایدار نیتروژن مورد نیاز گیاهان به سیستم­های کشاورزی است. تثبیت زیستی مولکول نیتروژن در کشاورزی می­تواند به وسیله مایه­زنی گیاهان لگوم با باکتری­های ریزوبیومی دارای توانایی بالا در تثبیت این مولکول بهبود پیدا کند. آگاهی از تنوع زیستی جمعیت­های بومی این باکتری­ها برای طراحی تدابیر مایه­زنی موفق می­تواند مفید واقع شود. در این تحقیق تنوع زیستی، توانایی گره­زایی و کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن 48 باکتری ریزوبیوم جداسازی شده از گر­ه­های گیاه یونجه کشت شده در مناطق مختلف استان همدان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی سویه­های مورد مطالعه با استفاده از تکنیک ITS-PCR-RFLP نشان داد که باکتری­های مورد بررسی دارای تنوع ژنتیکی قابل توجه بوده و در سطح شباهت 70 درصد به 4 گروه  III ,II ,Iو IV تقسیم­بندی شدند.نتایج آزمون گره­زایی نشان داد که اکثر سویه­ها دارای توانایی ایجاد گره در گیاه یونجه بودند، در حالیکه در اثر تلقیح این گیاه با سویه­های KH16، KH24، KH10، KH6، KH133 و KH193 گره­ای حاصل نشد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از آزمون بررسی کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن سویه­های مورد مطالعه، این باکتری­ها به چهار دسته غیر مؤثر، نسبتاً مؤثر، مؤثر و خیلی مؤثر تقسیم­بندی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic Diversity and Symbiotic Effectiveness of Rhizobia Isolated from Root Nodules of Medicago sativa L.

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. A. Soltani Toolarood 1
  • Hosseinali Alikhani 2
  • gholamreza Salehi Jouzani 3
  • H. Asadi Rahmani 4
  • K. Khavazi 4
  • Ahmad Ali Pourbabaee 5
1 Former PhD student of Tehran University and Assistant professor of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2 Associate professor, Tehran University
3 Assistant professor, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran
4 Assistant professor, Soil and Water Research Institute of Iran
5 Assistant professor, Tehran University
چکیده [English]

The symbiotic nitrogen fixation resulting from the rhizobia–legume interaction can act as a sustainable source of nitrogen in many agricultural systems. Better N2 fixation can be achieved by selecting superior rhizobia from native populations. Genetic characterization and biodiversity of the native rhizobia population can be useful for the selection of inoculant strains. In this study, the plant infection, symbiotic effectiveness, and genetic diversity of 48 rhizobia isolated from root nodules of Medicago sativa L., cultivated in different sites of Hamedan Province, was studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of PCR-amplified intergenic spacer (ITS). Analysis of the 16S-23S (ITS) fragment showed considerable diversity within these microsybionts. At the similarity of 70%, these rhizobia were clustered into 6 groups: I, II, III and IV. Plant infection test results showed that most strains formed nodules on the roots of host plant. No nodules were observed on the roots of plants inoculated with KH16, KH24, KH6, KH10, KH133, and KH193. According to the results of symbiotic effectiveness test, strains were divided into four groups: non effective, relatively effective, effective, and highly effective strains.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Medicago sativa L
  • Biodiversity
  • Plant infection
  • Symbiotic effectiveness

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زیست شناسی خاک
دوره 1، شماره 1
شهریور 1392
صفحه 1-69

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