تاثیر کاربرد باکتری سودوموناس بر رشد گندم و برخی ویژگی‌های بیولوژیک یک خاک متاثر از شوری و غلظت‌های کادمیوم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استادیار دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 دانشیار دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

با توجه به مشکلات روزافزون شوری و فلزات سنگین در خاک‌های کشاورزی، این پژوهش به منظور بررسی مایه‌زنی با باکتری محرک رشد بر کاهش تنش شوری و کادمیوم در رشد گیاه گندم رقم چمران طرح‌ریزی گردید. پژوهش به صورت فاکتوریل با سه عامل شوری (3 و 10 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر)، کادمیوم (صفر، 25 و 50 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) و باکتری سودوموناس (مایه‌زنی با باکتری و بدون باکتری) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. پس از برداشت گیاه، اندازه‌گیری برخی ویژگی‌های بیولوژیک خاک (تنفس و زیتوده میکروبی خاک) و برخی ویژگی‌های گیاه (وزن خشک گیاه و غلظت کادمیوم، کلسیم و منیزیم در اندام‌هوایی و ریشه) صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد تنفس پایه (mg CO2 100g-1day-1 6/14)، تنفس برانگیخته (mg CO2 100g-1day-1 2/93)، کربن زیتوده میکروبی ( mg C 100g-14/13)، وزن خشک اندام‌هوایی و ریشه (به ترتیب 65/7 و30/2 گرم بر گلدان)، غلظت کلسیم اندام‌‌هوایی و ریشه (به ترتیب12/3 و92/5 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) و غلظت منیزیم اندام‌‌هوایی و ریشه (به ترتیب16/3 و75/6 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) با افزایش تنش شوری و کادمیوم کاهش یافته اما مایه‌زنی باکتری سبب افزایش این ویژگی‌ها نسبت به شرایط بدون مایه‌زنی شد. غلظت کادمیوم اندام‌هوایی و ریشه (به ترتیب 63/1 و 13/7 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) با افزایش تنش شوری و کادمیوم افزایش یافته اما مایه‌زنی باکتری سبب کاهش آن نسبت به شرایط بدون مایه‌زنی شد. لذا استفاده از باکتری‌های محرک رشد در خاک‌های با تنش‌های محیطی برای کاهش اثرات تنش‌ها و رشد بهتر و به ویژه سلامت بیشتر گیاه (غلظت کمتر فلز سنگین) و همچنین در بهبود وضعیت اکوسیستم توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of inoculation with pseudomonas on wheat growth and some biological properties of a soil with Cd and salinity stresses

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ozra Shavalikohshori 1
  • Roya Zalaghi 2
  • Karim Sorkheh 2
  • Naeimeh Enayatizamir 3
1 Former student of MS of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2 Assistant professor, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
3 Associate professor, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
چکیده [English]

Due to the problems of salinity and heavy metals in agricultural soils, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of inoculation of wheat (Chamran cultivar) with plant growth promoting bacteria on the reduction the effects of salinity and cadmium stresses. Experiment was designed as factorial arrangement with three factors including salinity (3 and 10 dS m-1), cadmium (0, 25 and 50 mg kg-1) and Pseudomonas bacteria (bacterial inoculated and non-inoculated) in a completely randomised design with three replications. After harvesting, some soil biological properties (soil respiration and soil microbial biomass) and some plant properties (dry weights and Ca, Mg, and Cd concentrations in plant shoot and root tissues) were measured. The results showed that basal respiration (14.6 mg CO2 100g-1 day-1), substrate induced respiration (93.2 mg CO2 100g-1 day-1), soil microbial biomass (13.4 mg 100g-1), dry weights of shoot and root (7.65 and 2.30 mg pot-1 respectivily), Ca concentration of shoot and root (3.12 and 5.92 mg kg-1 respectivily), and Mg concentration of shoot and root (3.16 and 6.75 mg kg-1 respectivily) decreased with increase in salinity and cadmium levels. Inoculation of Pseudomonas resulted in increase in these properties compare to non-inoculated treatments. Cd concentration of shoot and root (1.63 and 7.13 mg kg-1 respectivily) increased with increase in salinity and cadmium levels. Inoculation of Pseudomonas resulted in decrease in this property compare to non-inoculated treatments. Therefore, the use of growth promoting bacteria in soil with environmental stresses can be effective in reducing the effects of stress and in better plant growth, plant health (lower concentration of heavy metal), and also in improving ecosystem status.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heavy metal
  • Microbial biomass carbon
  • Plant growth promoting bacteria
  • Soil microbial respiration

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زیست شناسی خاک
دوره 8، شماره 2
آبان 1399
صفحه 209-221

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