اثر ژنوتیپ گیاه و مکان جغرافیایی بر روی فراوانی باکتری اندوفیت متیلوباکتریوم در میوه دو رقم توت‌فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج

2 دانش‌آموخته ارشد بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج

3 دانشیار بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج

چکیده

اندوفیت به گروهی از میکروارگانیسم ها اطلاق می­گردد که در قسمتهای داخلی بافت­های گیاهان زندگی نموده و بر بسیاری از خصوصیات گیاه میزبان تأثیر می­گذارند. گونه‌های مختلف باکتری اندوفیت متیلوباکتریوم در سنتز کاراتنوئیدها، تولید ترکیبات فنولی و فرار، همچنین در افزایش سطح تولید اجزای سازنده عطر و طعم در میوه مؤثر
می­باشند. تنوع و فراوانی این باکتری‌ها تحت تأثیر ژنوتیپ گیاه میزبان، شرایط اقلیمی و خاک می‌باشد. این مطالعه به منظور جداسازی باکتری‌های جنس متیلوباکتریوم از دو رقم توت‌فرنگی در مناطق مختلف استان کردستان انجام شد. در این پژوهش باکتری‌های اندوفیت از میوه دو رقم توت‌فرنگی کردستان و پاروس جمع­آوری شده از سه منطقه انگوژان، گاورود و نشور در استان کردستان جداسازی شدند. شناسایی جدایه های باکتری براساس تعیین توالی ژن  16S rDNA انجام گردید. بدین منظور پس از استخراج DNA ژنومی جدایه­ها، ژن 16S rDNA به روش PCR تکثیر و پس از تعیین توالی میزان شباهت توالی­های به دست آمده با توالی نوکلئوتیدی ژن 16S rDNA سایر باکتری‌های مرجع با استفاده از نرم افزار Blastn محاسبه گردید. سپس جمعیت جدایه­های باکتری‌ در زمان‌های (مراحل) مختلف رسیدگی میوه تعیین گردید. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که باکتری جدا شده در هر دو رقم کردستان و پاروس متعلق به جنس متیلوباکتریوم (Methylobacterium) می باشد. جمعیت باکتری‌های متیلوباکتریوم در ارقام مورد مطالعه در مناطق مشابه از لحاظ آماری متفاوت بود. رقم کردستان در مقایسه با رقم پاروس، در هر سه منطقه برتری معنی‌داری از لحاظ جمعیت باکتری نشان داد (p< 0.05). بیشترین جمعیت باکتری در هر دو رقم و در مناطق جغرافیایی مورد مطالعه در مرحله رسیدگی میوه محاسبه گردید. با توجه به تفاوت دو رقم گیاه از لحاظ عطر و طعم و همچنین تفاوت معنی‌دار جمعیت باکتری احتمال تأثیر این باکتری‌ها در عطر و طعم این دو رقم وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of plant genotype and geographical location on the frequency of endophytic Methylobacterium in two strawberry cultivars fruit

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bahman Bahramnejad 1
  • mohammad Akhtari 2
  • Behrouz Harighi 3
  • mohammad Naji 2
1 Associated professor in Plant Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan
2 Former Master of Science student of University of Kurdistan
3 Associated professor in Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan
چکیده [English]

Endophytes are microorganisms (bacteria or fungi or actinomycetes) that reside inside the internal tissues of plant with no negative effect on host plants. Endophytic bacteria trigger many positive effects on host plants. The aroma and flavor of strawberry fruit are important characteristics that is affected by endophytic bacteria such as Methylobacterium. Endophytic bacteria, are effective in the synthesis of carotenoids and the production of volatile and phenolic compounds. In addition, they are effective in producing the aromatic components in fruit. Endophytic bacterial frequency and genotype can be affected by host plant genotype, climatic and soil conditions. This study was carried out to isolate endophytic bacteria from two strawberry cultivars (Kurdistan and Parous) in three regions (Angouzan, Gavrood and Noshur) in Kurdistan province. For accurate identification of bacterial isolates, 16S-rRNA gene sequencing was used for identification of purified endophytic isolates and their frequency determined at different times of fruit ripening. The results revealed that the all endophytic bacterial isolates from both cultivars were belong to the genus Methylobacterium. The frequency of these bacteria was statistically different in two cultivars and in different sampling time. The frequency of Methylobacterium significantly was higher in Kurdistan cultivar compared to Parous cultivar in all three regions (p <0.05). The highest frequency of Methylobacterium was observed in the fruit ripening time. It seems that Methylobacterium and its frequency probably have an effect on the aroma and delicacy of these two varieties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Kurdistan
  • Parous
  • Endophytic Bacteria
  • 16SrRNA
  • Strawberry

مراجع

  1. Abanda-Nkpwatt, D., Müsch, M., Tschiersch, J., Boettner, M. and Schwab, W. 2006. Molecular interaction between Methylobacterium extorquens and seedlings: growth promotion, methanol consumption, and localization of the methanol emission site. Journal of experimental botany 57: 4025-4032.
  2. Bonilla, A., Sarria, AL., Algar, E., Muñoz Ledesma, FJ., Ramos Solano, B., Fernandes, JB. and Gutierrez Mañero, FJ. 2014. Microbe associated molecular patterns from rhizosphere bacteria trigger germination and Papaver somniferummetabolism under greenhouse conditions.  Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 74: 133-40.
  3. Brader, G., Compant, S., Mitter, B., Trognitz, F. and Sessitsch, A. 2014. Metabolic potential of endophytic bacteria. Current opinion in biotechnology 27: 30-37.
  4. De Melo Pereira, G.V., Magalhaes, K.T., Lorenzetii, E.R., Souza, T.P. and Schwan, R.F. 2012. A multiphasic approach for the identification of endophytic bacterial in strawberry fruit and their potential for plant growth promotion. Microbial ecology 63: 405-417.
  5. Delmotte, N., Knief, C., Chaffron, S., Innerebner, G., Roschitzki, B., Schlapbach, R., von Mering, C. and Vorholt, J.A. 2009. Community proteogenomics reveals insights into the physiology of phyllosphere bacteria. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106: 16428-16433.
  6. Dunbar, J., Barns, S.M., Ticknor, L.O. and Kuske, C.R. 2002. Empirical and theoretical bacterial diversity in four Arizona soils. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68: 3035–3045.
  7. Edger, P.P., Poorten, T.J., VanBuren, R., Hardigan, M.A., Colle, M., McKain, M.R., Smith, R.D., Teresi, S.J., Nelson, A.D., Wai, C.M. and Alger, E.I. 2019. Origin and evolution of the octoploid strawberry genome. Nature Genetics 51: 541–547.
  8. Geider, K., Auling, G., Jakovljevic, V. and Völksch, B. 2009. A polyphasic approach assigns the pathogenic Erwinia strains from diseased pear trees in Japan to Erwinia pyrifoliae. Letter of Applied Microbiology 48: 324–330.
  9. Gottel, N.R., Castro, H.F., Kerley, M., Yang, Z.M., Pelletier, D.A., Podar, M., Karpinets, T., Uberbacher, E., Tuskan, G.A., Vilgalys, R., Doktycz, M.J., Schadt, C.W. 2011. Distinct microbial communities within the endosphere and rhizosphere of Populus deltoides roots across contrasting soil Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77: 5934-5944.
  10. Hallmann, J., Quadt-Hallmann, A., Mahaffee, W.F. and Kloepper, W. 1997. Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43: 895–9 14.
  11. Hancock, J.F. 2000. 17 Strawberries. Temperate Fruit Crops in Warm Climates 445-455.
  12. Heinonen, I.M., Meyer, A.S. and Frankel, E.N. 1998. Antioxidant activity of berry phenolics on human low-density lipoprotein and liposome oxidation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 46: 4107-4112.
  13. Hurek, T., Handley, L.L., Reinhold-Hurek, B. and Piche, Y. 2002. Azoarcus grass endophytes contribute fixed nitrogen to the plant in an unculturable state. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interaction 15: 233-242.
  14. Khan, Z., Guelich, G., Phan, H., Redman, R., Doty, S. 2012. Bacterial and Yeast Endophytes from Poplar and Willow Promote Growth in Crop Plants and Grasses. ISRN Agronomy 2012: 1–11 (doi:10.5402/2012/890280).
  15. Knoth, J.L., Kim, S.H., Ettl, G.J. and Doty, S.L. 2013. Effects of cross host species inoculation of nitrogen‐fixing endophytes on growth and leaf physiology of maize. Gcb Bioenergy 5: 408-418.
  16. Koutsompogeras, P., Kyriacou, A. and Zabetakis, I. 2006. Characterizing NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase enzymes of Methylobacterium extorquens and strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa elsanta). Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 54: 235-242.
  17. Krey, T., Vassilev, N., Baum, C. and Eichler-Lobermann, B. 2013. Effects of long- term phosphorus application and plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria on maize phosphorus nutrition under field condition. European Journal of Soil Biology 55: 124-130.
  18. Kuklinsky-Sobral, K., Araujo, W.L., Mendonça, C., Geran, L.C., Piskala, A. and Azevedo, J.L. 2004. Isolation and characterization of soybean-associated bacteria and their potential for plant growth promotion. Environmental Microbiology 6: 1244-1251.
  19. Kumar, A., Singh, R., Giri, DD., Singh, PK. and Pandey, KD. 2014. Effect of Azotobacter chroococcumCL13 inoculation on growth and curcumin content of turmeric (Curcuma longa). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 3: 275–283.
  20. Kumara, P. M., Shweta, S., Vasanthakumari, M. M., Sachin, N., Manjunatha, B. L., Jadhav, S. S., Shaanker, R. U. 2014. Endophytes and plant secondary metabolite synthesis: molecular and evolutionary perspective. In Advances in Endophytic Research (pp. 177-190). Springer, New Delhi.
  21. Lodewyckx, C., Vangronsveld, J., Porteous, F., Moore, E.R., Taghavi, S., Mezgeay, M. and der Lelie, D.V. 2002. Endophytic bacteria and their potential applications. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 21: 583-606.
  22. McInroy, J.A. and Kloepper, J.W. 1994. and the release of GMOs 19-28.
  23. Nasopoulou, C., Pohjanen, J., Koskimaki, J.J., Zabetakis, I. and Pirttila, A.M. 2014. Localization of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) and Methylobacterium extorquens genes of strawberry flavor biosynthesis in strawberry tissue by in situ Journal of Plant Physiology 171: 1099-1105.
  24. Pirttilä, A.M., Laukkanen, H., Popsiech, H., Myllyla, R., Hohtola, A. 2000. Detection of intracellular bacteria in the buds of scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) by in situ Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66: 3073-3077.
  25. Pisarnitskii, A.F., Demechenko, A.G., Egorov, I.A. and Gvelesiani, R.K. 1992. Methylpentoses are probable precursors of furanones in fruits. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 28: 97-100.
  26. Quadt- Hallmann, A., Benhamou, N. and Kloepper, J.W. 1997. A Bacterial endophtes in cotton: mechanisms of entering the plant. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43: 577- 582.
  27. Redman, R.S., Kim, Y.O., Woodward, C., Greer, C., Espino, L., Doty, S.L., Rodriguez, R.J. 2011. Increased fitness of rice plants to abiotic stress via habitat adapted symbiosis: a strategy for mitigating impacts of climate change. PLoS ONE 6: p.e14823.
  28. Rosenblueth, M. and Martinez-Romero, E. 2006. Bacterial endophytes and their interactions with hosts. Molecular plant-microbe interactions 19: 827-837.
  29. Rovna, K., Bakay, L., Petrova, J., Terentjeva, M., Cerna, J. and Kacaniova, M. 2015. Characterization of endophytic microflora of Rosa canina fruits. Journal of microbiology. Biotechnology and food sciences 4: 65-68.
  30. Salonen, A., Nikkila, J., Jalanka-Tuovinen, J., Immonen, O., Rajilic-Stojanovic, M., Kekkonen, R.A. and de Vos, W.M. 2010. Comparative analysis of fecal DNA extraction methods with phylogenetic microarray: effective recovery of bacterial and archaeal DNA using mechanical cell lysis. Journal of microbiological methods 81: 127-134.
  31. Shakya, M., Gottel, N., Castro, H., Yang, Z., Gunter, L., Labbé, J., Muchero, W., Bonito, G., Vilgalys, R., Tuskan, G., Podar, M., Schadt, C.W. 2013. A multifactor analysis of gungal and bacterial community structure in the root microbiome of mature Populus deltoides PLOS one 8: p.e76382.
  32. Shen P.-H. and Wu B. 2007. Over-expression of a hydroxypyruvate reductase in Methylobacterium MB200 enhances glyoxylate accumulation. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 34: 657–663.
  33. Siciliano, S.D., Theoret, C.M., De Freitas J.R., Hucl, P.J. and Germida, J.J. 1998. Differences in the microbial communities associated with the roots of different cultivars of canola and wheat. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 44: 844-851.
  34. Simpson D. 2018. The Economic Importance of Strawberry Crops. In: Hytönen T., Graham J., Harrison R. (eds) The Genomes of Rosaceous Berries and Their Wild Relatives. Springer, Cham 1-7.
  35. Song, C., Hong, X., Zhao, S., Liu, J., Schulenburg, K., Huang, F.C. and Schwab, W. 2016. Glucosylation of 4-hydroxy-2, 5-dimethyl-3 (2H)-furanone, the key strawberry flavor compound in strawberry fruit. Plant physiology 171: 139-151.
  36. Sturz, A.V. and Nowak, J. 2000. Endophytic communities of rhizobacteria and the strategies required to create yield enhancing associations with crops. Applied soil ecology 15: 183-190.
  37. Tiwari, R., Awasthi, A., Mall, M., Shukla, AK., Srinivas, KS., Syamasundar, KV. and Kalra, A. 2013. Bacterial endophyte mediated enhancement of in planta content of key terpenoid indole alkaloids and growth parameters of Catharanthus roseus. Industrial Crops Production 43: 306-310.
  38. Tringe, S.G., Von Mering, C., Kobayashi, A., Salamov, A.A., Chen, K., Chang, H.W., Podar, M., Short, J.M., Mathur, E.J., Detter, J.C. and Bork, P. 2005. Comparative metagenomics of microbial communities. Science 308: 554-557.
  39. Verginer, M., Siegmund, B., Cardinale, M., Müller, H., Choi, Y., Míguez, C.B., Leitner, E. and Berg, G. 2010. Monitoring the plant epiphyte Methylobacterium extorquens DSM 21961 by real-time PCR and its influence on the strawberry flavor. FEMS microbiology ecology 74: 136-145.
  40. Zabetakis, I. 1997. Enhancement of flavour biosynthesis from strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) callus cultures by Methylobacterium Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 50: 179–183.
  41. Zabetakis, I., Gramshaw, J.W. and Robinson, D.S. 1999. 2, 5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2H-furan-3-one and its derivatives: analysis, synthesis and biosynthesis a review. Food chemistry 65: 139-151.
  42. Zabetakis, L. and Pirttila, A.M. 2012. The biosynthesis of strawberry flavor and the role of the endophyte Methylobacterium extorquens. COST Action 2012; FA11O3: 82.
زیست شناسی خاک
دوره 9، شماره 2
آبان 1400
صفحه 189-201

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار