اثر قارچ اندوفیت سیرندیپیتا ایندیکا بر خصوصیات رشدی و تغذیه گیاه کینوا تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استاد گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

4 استاد شیمی خاک گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

گیاه کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) یک گیاه شبه غله پر محصول از تیره چغندریان بوده و در برابر تنش شوری، تحمل خوبی از خود نشان می­دهد.  این گیاه به دلیل قرار گرفتن در تیره چغندریان، قادر به همزیستی میکوریزی نبوده ولی گزارش ها نشان می­دهند که قارچ اندوفیت Serendipita indica  می­تواند وارد ریشه این گیاه شده و احتمالاً قادر است مقاومت آن را در برابر تنش شوری افزایش دهد. این پژوهش به‌صورت گلدانی آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در خاک لوم شنی استریل انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل دو سطح قارچ‌ Serendipita indica (تلقیح و عدم تلقیح) و شوری حاصل از نمک کلرید سدیم شامل سطوح 1/47(هدایت الکتریکی اولیه خاک)، 5، 10، 20 و 30 دسی‌زیمنس ‌بر متر) بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که اثر متقابل تنش شوری و تلقیح قارچ به‌غیراز غلظت عناصر نیتروژن و فسفر در بخش ریشه در سایر صفات مورد مطالعه هم در بخش هوایی و هم ریشه معنی‌دار (P<0.05) بود. همچنین با افزایش سطح تنش ، غلظت عناصر شامل نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیم، صفات رشدی و درصد کلنیزاسیون، در گیاه کینوا به‌طور معنی‌داری (P<0.05) کاهش یافت. قارچ S. indica توانست وزن‌ خشک‌ریشه را در شوری‌های شاهد، 5 و 10 دسی­زیمنس­ بر متر به ترتیب (23/45،  25/66 و 25/57 درصد) نسبت به تیمار عدم تلقیح افزایش دهد؛ اما وزن خشک بخش هوایی را تنها در شوری شاهد به میزان 9 درصد نسبت به تیمار بدون قارچ افزایش داد . مایه‌زنی قارچ S. indica توانست غلظت سدیم ریشه را در شوری‌های 10، 20 و 30 دسی‌زیمنس ‌بر متر به ترتیب 30/49، 66/78 و 43/55 درصد نسبت به تیمار عدم تلقیح کاهش دهد. در بخش هوایی نیز غلظت سدیم را در همان سطوح شوری به ترتیب 20/96، 13/28 و 10/24 درصد نسبت به تیمار بدون قارچ کاهش داد. . با توجه به نتایج، قارچ S. indica توانست غلظت عناصر نیتروژن و پتاسیم بخش هوایی را در دو سطح شوری 20 و 30 دسی‌زیمنس ‌بر متر نسبت به تیمار بدون قارچ به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of endophytic fungus Serendipitaindica on growth and nutritional characteristics of quinoa undersalinity stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • sajad aliyar 1
  • Nasser Aliasgharzad 2
  • A. DabbaghMohammadiNasab 3
  • Sh. Ostan 4
1 MSc of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
2 Professor.of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
3 Professor. of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
4 Professor. of Soil Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoaWilld.) is a high-yielding pseudo-cereal crop, belonging to the Chenopodiaceae plants, shows tolerance to salinity stress. As a chenopod plant, it could not establish a symbiosis relation with mycorrhizal fungi, but there are evidences that the Serendipitaindica (endophytic fungus) could enter the root and more likely improves the tolerance of quinoa against salt stress. This study was performed as a pot experiment in Completely Randomized Factorial Designs (CRFD) with three replications in a sterilized sandy loam soil. Experimental factors included two levels of S. indica (inoculated and non-inoculated) and salinity levels of 1.47 (initial electrical conductivity of soil), 5, 10, 20 and 30 dS/m. The interaction effect of salinity stress and fungal inoculation was significant for studied traits in both shoot and root (P <0.05), except for the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the root. The concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium, growth traits and percentage of root colonization in quinoa were significantly reduced by increasing salinity levels (P <0.05). S. indica increased root dry weight in control, 5 and 10 dS/m by 23.45, 25.66 and 25.57%, compared to no-fungal treatment, respectively. At initial electrical conductivity (1.47dS/m), shoot dry weight increased by 9% in inoculated plants compared to the non-inoculated treatment. Inoculation with S. indica reduced the concentration of root sodium at salinity levels of 10, 20 and 30 dS/m by 30.49, 66.78 and 43.55%, respectively, compared to the non-inoculated treatment. In the aerial part, the fungus could reduce the sodium concentration at 10, 20 and 30 dS/m by 20.96, 13.28 and 10.24%, respectively, compared to the treatment without the fungus. Based on the results, inoculation with the fungus significantly increased the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in shoots at 20 and 30 dS/m.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Growth characteristics
  • Nutrients
  • S. indica
  • Root colonization
  • Chlorophyll index

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زیست شناسی خاک
دوره 10، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 1-20

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