اثر متابولیت‌های حاصل از تجزیه میکروبی پر مرغ بر رشد کاهو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی گروه خاکشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان ( خوراسگان

2 استاد مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

3 استادیار گروه خاکشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان ( خوراسگان)

4 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

چکیده

در این مطالعه برای تولید کود با مواد طبیعی، از باکتری‌های تولیدکننده آنزیم کراتیناز به‌منظور تجزیه پر مرغ که متشکل از پروتئین کراتین است استفاده گردید. تعداد 29 نمونه خاک از عمق صفر تا سی سانتی متری مزارع کشاورزی جمع‌آوری شد و با پر مرغ مخلوط گردید. پس از سه هفته از خاک‌های مخلوط با پر ۳۱ جدایه که قادر به رشد بر روی محیط کشت اختصاصی پودر پر جامد (Feather Meal Agar, FMA) بودند جداسازی شدند. ایزوله­ها به محیط مایع حاوی پر انتقال داده شدند و توان تجزیه پر توسط آنها بررسی گردید. تأثیر محلول حاصل از تجزیه پر بر رشد کاهو در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در گلخانه بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل محلول‌پاشی با سه محلول حاصل از تجزیه پر مرغ (gh1، b1، c11) و محلول‌پاشی با آب مقطر (شاهد) بودند. نتایج نشان داد تعداد هشت جدایه با تولید آنزیم کراتیناز قادر به تجزیه کامل پر در طول هفت روز بودند. بالاترین فعالیت آنزیم کراتیناز با تجزیه کامل پر معادل U/ml ۵۶/۸ مربوط به جدایه Bacillus methylotrophicus gh1 بود. همچنین حداکثر غلظت اسیدآمینه آزاد، در محیط کشت جدایه Bacillus siamensis c11 معادل μg/ml 1065 مشاهده شد. سه محلول حاصل از تجزیه پر تأثیر معنی‌داری در سطح یک درصد بر روی وزن ‌تر کاهو، وزن خشک کاهو و وزن‌ تر ریشه داشتند. در تیمارهای Bacillus methylotrophicus gh1، b1 Bacillus velezensis و Bacillus siamensis c11 وزن‌ تر کاهو به ترتیب 8/28%، 1/26% و 1/14% و وزن خشک کاهو به­ترتیب 7/25%، 9/19% و 2/۱۵% نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش نشان دادند. یافته‌ها نشان داد با استفاده از باکتری‌های تولیدکننده آنزیم کراتیناز می توان تجزیه پر را افزایش داده و از محصول حاصل به‌عنوان محرک رشد کاهو استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of metabolites obtained from microbial degradation of chicken feathers on lettuce growth

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leili Ahmadi 1
  • خاوازی Khavazi 2
  • Jila Baharlouei 3
  • Mohammad Hossein Davoodi 4
1 PhD student, Department of Soil Science, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch
2 Professor, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch
4 Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization
چکیده [English]

In this study, keratinase-producing bacteria were used to produce natural fertilizer from chicken feathers. Twenty-nine soil samples were collected from 0-30 cm depth of agricultural fields and mixed with chicken feathers. After three weeks, 31 isolates were isolated from the soils mixed with feathers, which were able to grow on the special culture medium of Feather Meal Agar (FMA). The isolates were transferred to a liquid medium containing feathers and their ability to degrade the feathers was investigated. A completely randomized design was used to examine the effect of the solution created by the degradation of chicken feathers on lettuce growth. The experimental treatments included the foliar application of three solutions obtained from the degradation of chicken feathers (gh1, b1, c11), and control (distilled water). The results showed eight isolates were able to completely decompose the feathers in seven days by producing keratinase enzyme. The highest activity of the keratinase enzyme (with the ability to fully degrade the feather: 8.56 U / ml) was related to that of Bacillus methylotrophic strain gh1. Also, the maximum concentration of free amino acid (1065 μg / ml) was observed in the growth medium of Bacillus siamensis strain c11. The three solutions obtained from feather degradation had a significant effect (p < 0.01) on lettuce fresh weight, lettuce dry weight, and fresh root weight. The results showed that the lettuce fresh weight increased by 28.8%, 26.1%, and 14.1%, using Bacillus methylotrophicus (gh1), Bacillus velezensis (b1), and Bacillus siamensis (c11) respectively, compared to the control. In addition, the lettuce dry weight increased by 25.7%, 19.9%, and 15.2%, with the aid of gh1, b1, and c11 treatments, respectively, compared to the control. The results showed that using keratinase-producing bacteria, feather degradation could be increased, and the obtained product can be used as a growth stimulant for lettuce.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Free amino acid
  • Growth stimulant
  • Keratin
  • Soil

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زیست شناسی خاک
دوره 10، شماره 2
مهر 1401
صفحه 229-241

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