اثر قارچ Serendipita indica و باکتری Sinorhizobium meliloti بر رشد گیاه یونجه (Medicago sativa L.) در خاک آهکی آلوده به روی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 محقق بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس; سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

3 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

افزایش سطح آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاک، با ورود به زنجیره غذایی انسان، به عنوان یکی از پر مخاطره‌ترین مسائل زیست‌محیطی جوامع بشری تبدیل شده است. استفاده از یک فناوری ارزان و بی‌خطر از قبیل گیاه‌پالایی و با همزیستی مناسب بین گیاه و ریزجانداران محرک رشد گیاه، می‌تواند گامی موثر بر افزایش کارایی این فناوری باشد. در مطالعه حاضر، اثرات تلقیح انفرادی و توام قارچ Serendipita indica و باکتری Sinorhizobium meliloti بر یونجه کشت شده در یک خاک آلوده به غلظت‌های مختلف روی ( 0، 400 و 800 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک)، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که، بالاترین سطح آلودگی روی، به ترتیب با کاهش شدید 53/5، 71، 25/2 و 60/2 درصدی وزن خشک اندام هوایی، ریشه، غلظت فسفر و آنزیم کاتالاز گیاهی و افزایش 174/5، 56/6، 60/2 و 36/6 درصدی مقدار پراکسیدهیدروژن، مالون‌دی‌آلدهید، آنزیم پراکسیداز و سوپراکسیددسموتاز همراه بود، تحت این شرایط، تلقیح توام قارچ و باکتری در مقایسه با سایر تیمارهای میکروبی، علاوه بر افزایش جذب فسفر گیاه، با کاهش انتقال روی از ریشه به اندام هوایی و تحریک سیستم آنزیم‌های اکسیداتیو گیاهی مانند کاتالاز، منجر به کاهش مقدار پراکسیدهیدروژن و مالون‌دی‌آلدهید شد که متعاقباً با بهبود خصوصیات رشدی گیاه همراه بود. بنابراین تلقیح توام قارچ و باکتری با کاهش بیشتر pH خاک ریزوسفری و افزایش قابلیت جذب روی و تثبیت آلودگی در ریشه‌ یونجه، می‌تواند، نقش مهمی در تعیین کمیت، کیفیت و امنیت غذایی یونجه به عهده داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Serendipita indica and Sinorhizobium meliloti on alfalfa plant growth (Medicago sativa L.) in a calcareous soil contaminated with zinc

نویسندگان [English]

  • leila tabande 1
  • moghgan sepehri 2
  • mehdi zarei 3
1 بخش تحقیقات خاک و اب
2 Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
3 Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Heavy metal accumulation in soils has been become one of the most dangerous environmental issues in human societies. The use of a cheap and safe technology such as phytoremediation with a proper symbiosis between plants and plant growth-promoting microorganisms, can be an effective step in phytoremediation technology. In the present study, the effects of individual and combined inoculation of Serendipita indica and Sinorhizobium meliloti on alfalfa grown in a contaminated soil with different concentrations of zinc (0, 400 and 800 mg kg−1 soil) were investigated. The results showed that the highest level of zinc contamination led to a significant decrease of 53.3%, 71%, 25.2% and 60.2 of shoot and root dry weight, Phosphorus concentration, and plant catalase enzyme respectively, it was also associated with an increase of 174.5, 56.6, 60.2 and 36.6% in the amount of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, peroxidase and superoxide desmutase enzymes. The combined inoculation of fungi and bacteria increased phosphorus absorption in the plant. In addition, this treatment reduced the transfer of zinc from the roots to the shoots and stimulated the system of plant oxidative enzymes such as catalase and reduced the amount of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, which increased the growth characteristics of the plant. Therefore, the combined inoculation of fungi and bacteria has an important role in alfalfa plant nutrition by reducing the pH of the rhizosphere soil and increasing the Zn absorption and increasing the Zn stabilization in alfalfa roots.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Oxidative enzymes
  • Plant stabilization
  • Transfer factor
  • Malondialdehyde

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زیست شناسی خاک
دوره 11، شماره 1
شهریور 1402
صفحه 85-99

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