تأثیر قارچ Claroideoglomus etunicatum بر رشد و جذب عناصر غذایی ذرت تحت تنش ترکیبی بور و شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشیار بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز و گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، مرکز آموزش عالی اقلید

چکیده

تنش شوری و بور در خاک­های مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک جهان رشد گیاه را محدود می­کند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر قارچ بر عملکرد و میزان جذب عناصر غذایی ذرت تحت تنش شوری و سمیت بور انجام گردید. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمار­ها شامل دو سطح شوری شاهد (بدون افزایش شوری) و 8 دسی زیمنس بر متر و بور شامل دو سطح شاهد و 30 میلی­گرم بور در کیلوگرم خاک از منبع اسیدبوریک و سدیم کلرید و دو سطح قارچی (با حضور و بدون قارچ Claroideoglomus etunicatum) بود. نتایج نشان داد که تنش شوری و سمیت بور تأثیر معنی­داری بر درصد کلونیزاسیون ریشه نداشت (سطح احتمال 5%). با افزایش بور خاک، مایه­زنی قارچ میزان کلروفیل، جذب بور اندام هوایی، جذب پتاسیم و فسفر را به ترتیب 7/09%، 15/83%، 31/62% و 51/57% در سطح احتمال 5% به‌طور معنی­دار افزایش داد، درحالی‌که جذب بور ریشه، جذب آهن، مس و منگنز را به ترتیب 35/15%، 28/72%، 39/62% و 42/12% در سطح احتمال 5% به­طور معنی­دار کاهش داد. همچنین با ­افزایش شوری خاک و مایه­زنی قارچ، میزان کلروفیل، جذب مس، منگنز به ترتیب 5/05%، 35/38% و 25/97% به­طور معنی­دار افزایش و جذب سدیم 40/31% به­طور معنی­دار کاهش یافت (سطح احتمال 5%). در تنش ترکیبی شوری و بور، مایه­زنی قارچ توانست کلروفیل برگ، جذب بور ریشه، پتاسیم، فسفر و آهن را به ترتیب 8/42%، 61/56%، 68/55%، 82/01% و 23/63% به­طور معنی­دار افزایش و جذب سدیم، روی، مس و بور اندام هوایی را به ترتیب 20/98%، 40/07%، 72/54% و34/38% به­طور معنی‌دار کاهش دهد (سطح احتمال 5%). نتایج این تحقیق نشان می­دهد که مایه­زنی قارچ می­تواند به بهبود رشد و جذب عناصر غذایی در شرایط سمیت بور و تنش شوری خاک کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Claroideoglomus etunicatum Fungus on the Growth and Nutrient Absorption of Maize plant under the combined stress of boron and salinity

نویسندگان [English]

  • narges abdar 1
  • mehdi zarei 2
1 Soil Science Department, college of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Fars
2 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran and Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Higher Education Center of Eghlid
چکیده [English]

Salt stress and boron toxicity in the soils of arid and semi-arid regions of the world limit plant growth. A factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications was used to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on the growth and nutrient uptake of maize under salinity stress and boron toxicity. Two levels of boron (control and 30 mg B kg-1), two salinity levels (control and 8 dS m-1) from the source of boric acid and sodium chloride and two fungal levels (without inoculation, inoculation with Claroideoglomus etunicatum fungus) were considered. The results showed that salinity stress and boron toxicity had no effect on root colonization percentage (P>0.05). At the level of 30 mg B kg-1 boron, the fungus significantly increased the chlorophyll index, shoot boron, potassium, and phosphorus uptake (7.09%, 15.83%, 31.62%, and 51.57% respectively) and significantly decreased root boron, iron, copper and manganese uptake, (35.15%, 28.72%, 39.62% and 42.12% respectively). At the level of 8 dSm-1, the fungus significantly increased the amount of chlorophyll, copper, and manganese uptake, (5.05%, 35.38%, 25.97% respectively) and significantly decreased sodium uptake (40.31%). Under combined stress conditions and in the presence of fungus, chlorophyll index, root boron, potassium, phosphorus, and iron uptake, (8.42%, 61.56%, 82.01%, and 23.63% respectively) were significantly  increased but shoot sodium, zinc, copper, and boron absorption, (20.98%, 40.07% 72.54% and 34.38% respectively) were significantly decreased. The results of this research indicated that inoculation of fungus could help to improve the growth and absorption of nutrients in conditions of boron toxicity and soil salinity stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus
  • Boron toxicity
  • Maize
  • Soil salinity

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زیست شناسی خاک
دوره 11، شماره 1
شهریور 1402
صفحه 1-15

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